For most paddling in warm or mild conditions, no, you do not need a wetsuit to paddle board. You spend the session standing above the water, not in it, so a rash guard and quick-dry shorts cover you for sun and light chill. A wetsuit only becomes worth wearing when the water is cold enough that falling in could chill you fast.
The number that decides it is water temperature, not air temperature. A sunny 75 degree day over a 55 degree lake still calls for real thermal protection, because the risk is the swim you take when you fall, not the paddle you planned.
Above about 70 degrees, a rash guard or a light long-sleeve top and board shorts are plenty. Between roughly 60 and 70 degrees, add a neoprene top or a thicker base layer and pay attention to wind. Below 60 degrees, a wetsuit or drysuit stops being about comfort and starts being about safety, because cold water shock is real and it happens fast. Always wear a leash and a PFD, whatever the water temperature.
What most people forget is the part after the paddle. Even in mild water, you climb out damp and the wind does the rest. A warm, dry layer waiting on shore matters more than most gear on the board.

The NIXY Adventure Changing Parka at $109 is the layer you pull on the moment you step off the board: a waterproof shell with a warm lining and a hood, so you get dry and warm without the cold-water swim a wetsuit is built for. Skip the wetsuit on mild days, and let the parka handle the chill before and after.
Frequently asked questions
What should you wear to paddle board in warm weather? A rash guard or light long-sleeve top for sun protection, plus board shorts or a swimsuit. Add a brimmed hat and a leash. Warm water and warm air mean you do not need thermal layers, just coverage from the sun you get for hours on open water.
At what water temperature do you need a wetsuit for paddle boarding? As a general rule, water below about 60 degrees calls for a wetsuit or drysuit, because a fall into cold water can cause cold water shock. Between 60 and 70 degrees, a neoprene top or thicker layers are usually enough. Above 70 degrees, most paddlers are fine in a rash guard.
Can you paddle board in cold weather without a wetsuit? You can if the water is not truly cold, but plan for the fall you might take. Dress for the water temperature, not the air, keep a warm dry layer on shore, and never paddle cold water alone. A changing parka gets you warm fast the second you are back on land.
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